All three vaccines prevent infection with HPV types 16 and 18 two high-risk HPVs that cause about 70 of cervical cancers and an even higher percentage of some of the other HPV-caused cancers 1 2. Long awaited study results have confirmed that the quadrivalent human papillomavirus HPV vaccine substantially reduces invasive cervical cancer risk.

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Some vaccines can also protect against strains known to cause genital warts.

Hpv vaccine risk. Ohnmacht prepares a shot of the HPV vaccine Gardasil for a patient at his office in Cranston Rhode Island on Sept. The national NHS HPV vaccination programme uses a vaccine called Gardasil. There is international consensus that high-risk genotypes including genotypes 16 18 31 33 35 39 45 51 52 56 58 59 and 66 can lead to cervical cancer 2 and are associated with other mucosal anogenital and head and neck cancers.

HPV is highly transmissible with peak incidence soon after the onset of sexual activity and most persons acquire infection at some time in their lives. Low-risk HPVs mainly cause wart formation on the genitals anus mouth and throat whereas high-risk HPVs especially HPV 16 and HPV 18 are associated with HPV-related cancers. Getting vaccinated against HPV can help prevent these health problems.

The HPV vaccine series is recommended for girls and boys at the age of 11 or 12 and the series can be started at age 9. Who should get the HPV vaccine. Three vaccines are available to protect against the types of HPV that cause most cervical vaginal vulvar penile and anal cancers.

Published in the New England Journal of Medicine the study followed over 15 million girls and women in Sweden up to 11 years and found that the risk of cervical cancer by age 30 was 63 lower in vaccinated women compared with unvaccinated women. Since 20067 two vaccines for HPV have been available. HPV vaccines are highly immunogenic.

Not getting HPV vaccine leaves people vulnerable to HPV cancers and precancers abnormal cells that can lead to cancer. It is estimated that the vaccines may prevent 70 of cervical cancer 80 of anal cancer 60 of vaginal cancer 40 of vulvar cancer and possibly some mouth cancer. Gardasil protects against 4 types of HPV.

These types of HPV also cause some anal and genital cancers and some cancers of the head and neck. Anaphylactic allergy to latex is a contraindication to bivalent HPV vaccine in a prefilled syringe since the tip cap might contain natural rubber latex. All vaccines protect against at least HPV types 16 and 18 which cause the greatest risk of cervical cancer.

Gardasil also prevents infection with HPV types 6 and 11 which cause 90 of genital warts 3. They are Gardasil and Gardasil 9. More than 98 of recipients develop an antibody response to HPV types included in the respective vaccines 1 month after completing a full vaccination series.

The HPV vaccine can protect against HPV types 16 and 18 both of which can lead to certain cancers. A severe allergic reaction eg anaphylaxis to a vaccine component or following a prior dose of HPV vaccine is a contraindication to receipt of HPV vaccine. They also protect against.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC now recommends that all 11- and 12-year-olds receive two doses of HPV vaccine at least six months apart instead of the previously recommended three-dose schedule. There are risks associated with the human papillomavirus HPV vaccine but evidence has shown that the benefitsnamely preventing certain types of cancergreatly outweigh the risks. Human papillomaviruses are DNA viruses that infect basal epithelial skin or mucosal cells.

Pain redness or swelling in the arm where the shot was given. Most new HPV infections occur in teens and young adults who have no idea they have been infected allowing them to pass the virus to their sexual partners. Nearly all sexually active people will get human papillomavirus HPV at some time in their life if they dont get the HPV vaccine.

Two low-risk genotypes HPV 6 and 11 cause genital warts a common benign condition of the external genitalia that causes significant morbidity. It is important for males as well as females to get vaccinated because both men and women can develop cancers of the mouth and throat anal cancers and genital warts. Younger adolescents ages 9 and 10 and teens ages 13 and 14 also are able to receive vaccination on the updated two-dose schedule.

Although most HPV infections go away on their own without causing problems HPV can cause genital warts or cancer. Like any vaccine or medicine HPV vaccination can have side effects. However there is no known serologic correlate of immunity and no known minimum titer determined to be protective.

There is no evidence to suggest that the HPV vaccine causes fertility problems. The most common side effects are mild and include. Dizziness or fainting fainting after any vaccine including HPV vaccine is more common among adolescents Nausea.

Women are also at risk for cervical cancer and men for penile cancer. A bivalent HPV 1618 vaccine ervarix GSK and a quadrivalent HPV 6111618 vaccine Gardasil or Silgard Merck to reduce the risk of cervical cancer. Between them types 16 and 18 are the cause of most cervical cancers in the UK more than 70.

6 11 16 and 18.